Kristiɛnbɔk abankɛseɛm abakɔsɛm
Adanse a ɛfiri tete fɛm nnoɔma a wɔ ahwehwɛmu mfeɛ bebree atwa mu (c 4000 B. C). wɔ nkran mpoano kyerɛ sɛ mpɔtam mu a wɔyi nsuomnam dodoɔ no a tenaa mmeaɛ a atwa asubɔntene ne bakaho ahyia.
Mfeɛ mpem ahanum no mu no (Sixteenth century), Abiberemfoɔ ne Abrofo dii dwa bom wɔ Abiberem Atɔeɛ mpoano. Wɔn dii dwa wo nnoɔma bi te sɛ Sika kɔkɔɔ, asonse, ne Arabik rɔba. Afei nso, wɔ nkankɔ a ɛbaa nsohyɛn ka ho ɛne nkoa afuo a wɔhyɛ aseɛ wɔ Amerika ( a ɛyɛ ɛnɛ mmerɛ mu aman a woaka wɔn ho abɔ mu ‚United Sates‛, ‘Caribbean’ ne Amerika anaafoɔ fam) no nti, ɛtwee Portuguisifo), Hollandifoɔ, Swedifoɔ, Denmakefoɔ ne Engiresifoɔ adwene bɛsii nkoa dwadie a wɔdi no Atlantik po asuogya no so.
ɛfiri afe apem ahanan aduɔwɔtwe mmienu (1482) de kɔsi afe apem ahanson aduɔwɔtwe nsia (1786) ntamu no mu, ɛbɛyɛ abankɛseɛm ne abankɛse (anaase dwadibea) aduɔwɔtwe na wɔsisieɛ, a ɛnam mpoano nsaneeɛ kwansini ahanan ntentensoɔ wɔ Keta ne Bɛyin ntamu, bɛbiaa kane no na wɔnim sɛ wɔfrɛ no ‚Guinea Mpoano‛ ne ‚Oboroni fitaa ɔdamena‛
Wɔ Osu, wɔ nkran no, Kristiɛnbɔk Abankɛseɛm dii dwumason kɛseɛ, ɛfiri sɛ na ɛsi beaɛ a ɛyɛ ma abrofo a wɔnam Atlantik po so no ne temanmufo dwadie. Swedifoɔ na ɛsii Kristiɛnbɔk Abankɛseɛm wɔ afe apem ahansia aduɔnum mmienu, (1652) sɛ ahomegyebea a wataa koraa nnoɔma wɔ hɔ. Wɔ afe apem ahansia ne aduɔsia (1660) no, Denmakefoɔ bɛfaa beaɛ no. Dwadie ho akwannya yɛɛ kese maa ntɛm paa, abankɛseɛm no beyɛɛ ketewa maa Denmakefoɔ no dwadie nhiadeɛ. ɛno nti, wɔ afe apem ahansia aduɔsia baako (1661) no, wɔde sika a ɛsom sika kɔkɔɔ 100oz tɔɔ asaase a na ɛwɔ homegyebea no aseɛ hɔ firii Nkran ɔmanhene hɔ. ɔsii abankɛse a wɔtoo din Christiɛnbɔk anaase Kristiɛn abankɛse a wɔde Denmake hene, ‘Christian V.’ din too so. Na ne kɛseɛ yɛ anamon aduɔson nnum, na abankɛse no wɔ taa kyire aduonu nnum anaa neɛ ɛboro saa wɔ ahyiaeɛ no mu biara so. Na ɛwɔ abantenten ne ayɔn akodeɛ aduonu nnan ne atuo a wɔde kyea nso kakrabi. Akyiri no, wɔtrɛɛ Kristiɛnbɔk mu ma no sesaa firii abankɛse bɛyɛɛ abankɛseɛm a ɛmaa korabea ne beaɛ wɔbetena nso bebree. Afei nso ɛboa maa wonyaa ahobanbo kɛseɛ a wɔde sii akan wɔ Hollandifoɔ ne Engiresifoɔ mpoano dwadie no. Esan sɛ Frederikbɔk a ɛbɛn ‘Cape’ mpoano no firii Denmakefoɔ no nsa nti, Abankɛseɛm no bɛyɛɛ Denmakefoɔ no asoeɛ foforɔ wɔ afe apem ahansia aduɔwɔtwe nnum (1685) no mu.
Wɔ mfeɛ a ɛdi akyiri no mu, Kristiɛnbɔk Abankɛseɛm ne abankɛse afoforɔ nkron maa Denmake nyaa kyɛfa kɛse wɔ mpoano atɔeɛ fam dwadie mu. Yie maa Abankɛseɛm no som a ɛsom bo no dɔɔso. ɛno nso nti wɔtrɛɛ mu maa ne kɛseɛ bɛyɛɛ mmɔhɔ mprɛ nnan. Wɔ afe apem ahanwɔtwe aduannan nson (1847) no, wɔtoo ban wɔ asaase yantam a ɛkɔ abankɛse no atifi fam nyinaa a ɛne ɛnɛ mmerɛ yi mu abranaa no. Turo yi mu na ɛkyiri yi wɔsii ɔmanpanin atenaeɛ.
Na Kristiɛnbɔk wɔ ɛban a ɛmu yɛ den a wɔntumi ntwi fa so. Na Kristiɛnbɔk Abankɛseɛm nso wɔ peteem a afasuo atwa ho ahyia, ɛbura, asɔre dan, nkwadaa a aborofo ne abibifoɔ awo wɔn sukuu, adekoradan, mmeaɛ wotena, ‘gable’a ɛwɔ adɔma ne abantenten, ɛne tete akodeɛ aduonu nwɔtwe.
Na wɔde Denmake mansoafoɔ Carl Gustav Engmann din na ato ɛbura no ho (1752 – 1757) ne yɔsuo mmienu a wɔde ‘Christian VI’ ne ‘Christian VII’ ahyɛsondeɛ na ato ho. Wɔsii ɛdan ketewa bi a ani kyere ɛpo no a na wɔde nnoɔma firi mpoano ba Abankɛseɛm hɔ tee. Na abankɛseɛm wɔ amanfoɔ nson a wɔnnyɛ asogyafoɔ. Na ɛbinom yɛ adɔkotafoɔ a ɔyɛ opiresan, ne asɔre akwankyerɛfoɔ. Na wɔka Denmakefoɔ asogyafoɔ aduasa mmiɛnsa a wɔte hɔ ne aboafoɔ wɔyɛ Abibiremfoɔ aha mmiɛnsa no ho. Na Denmakefoɔ ahoɔden wɔ saa mmerɛ yi mu sɔ ani yie.
Wɔ afe apem ahansia aduokron nnan (1694) ne afe apem ahanwɔtwe ne mmiɛnsa (1803) ntam mu hɔ no, Denmakefoɔ ne Abibiremfoɔ dii dwa wɔ abankɛseɛm hɔ. Denmakefoɔ no tɔn atuo, atuo aboba, akoraboɔ, nsa, ntoma, dadeɛ sekammoa ne adwumayɔ nnadeɛ, nkawa, nkyɛnsen, ɛne ahwehwɛ ntɔma de tɔɔ sika kɔkɔɔ. Wɔde Abibiremfoɔ a wɔfaa wɔn nkoa no kɔɔ ‘Carribean’ ne titire ne Denmakefoɔ babunu supɔ (‘St. Croix’, ‘St. Johns’ ne ‘St. Thomas’). ɛyɛ nokwasɛm sɛ Kristiɛnbɔk Abankɛseɛm ho hiaa yie wɔ Denmake sikasɛm mu firi afe apem ahasia aduɔwɔtwe nwɔtwe (1688) de besi afe apem ahanson aduannan nson (1747). Na ɛmaa Denmakefoɔ de Kristiɛnbɔk abankɛseɛm mfonin ne ne din too wɔn sika a na wɔdie so.
Wɔyi mmerɛ kakra bi firi mu a, Denmakefoɔ na ɛtenaa Kristiɛnbɔk hɔ. Wɔ afe apem ahansia aduɔson nkron (1679) ne afe apem ahansia aduɔwɔtwe mmiɛnsa (1683) ntam mu no, wɔtɔn maa Portuguisifoɔ na wɔsesaa ɛdin no yɛɛ no Sao Francis Xavier Abankɛse. Na wɔ afe apem ahansia aduɔwɔtwe nnum (1685) ne afe apem ahansia aduɔwɔtwe nkron (1689) no ntam no, wɔn nso de bɔɔ Engiresifoɔ bosea. Wɔ afe apem ahasia aduokron mmiɛnsa (1693) no, Asameni, deɛ na ɔyɔ dwadini a ɔyɛ den,na oyɛ ohene a ofiri Akwamu no sakyera ɔne ne mmerima ho sɛ dwadifoɔ nyaa kwan kɔɔ abankɛse no mu, na wɔn nam nnaadaa yi so nyaa Kristiɛnbɔk dii so. Asameni faa ɔmansuafoɔ dibea no na na ɔhyɛ Denmake mansoafoɔ no adwuma taadeɛ. Afei kroa no wɔtɔn abankɛse no maa Denmakefoɔ no wɔ afe apem ahansia aduokron nnan (1694). Nanso Abankɛseɛm nsafoa no deɛ wɔannfa aba de besi nnɛ na ɛka Akwamu adwa agyapadeɛ no ho.
Denmakefoɔ mmara a wɔhyɛɛ wɔ ɔbɛnem bosome da a ɛtɔ so dunsia wɔ afe apem ahanson aduokron mmienu (16th March 1792) no na ɛde nkoa dwa a wɔdii wɔ Atlantik asuogya no baa awieɛ, emon wɔanhwɛ amma mmera no anyɛ adwuma de kɔsi afe apem ahanwɔntwe ne mmiɛnsa (1803) no mu. Nanso mfeɛ du nsiesie kyerɛ sɛ Denmakefoɔ ka sɛ wɔn ne ɔman a wodii kan twaa nkoa dwadie mu. Enam sɛ ‘Norway’ firii Denmakefoɔ nsa baa Swedifoɔ hɔ afe apem ahanwɔtwe dunnan (1814) korɔ no nti, Denmake man no hyiaa sika sɛm mu haw a na ɛbi maa da, nanso yie nom nyinaa mu no wɔampɛ sɛ wɔgyae wɔn ahyeɛ ma afoforɔ. Nanso wɔ afe apem ahanwɔtwe aduannan nkron (1849) no mu no, Denmake tɔn Kristiɛnbɔk Abankɛseɛm maa Engiresifoɔ de gyee Engiresi sika pono mpem du (£ 10,000). (Na wɔsan de abankɛse ahodoɔ yi kaa wɔn ho; Augustaborg, Fredensborg, Kongensten, Prinsensten ne Provesten, ɛna Akuapim mmepɔ mfuo no).
Wɔ afe apem ahanwɔtwe aduosia mmienu (1862) no mu no, asasewosoɔ bɛseɛ Kristiɛnbɔk Abankɛseɛm no maa abansoro no mu mmienu dwiri gui. Yei na wosan nso sieɛ, na afe apem ahanwɔtwe aduɔson mmiɛnsa (1873) no mu no, Abankɛseɛm no bɛyɛɛ Engiresi aban a wodi Sika mpoano (Gold Coast) so no adwa. Afe apem ahanwɔtwe aduɔnson nsia (1876) akyiri no, Engiresi ahwɛfoɔ a na wodi sika mpoano so no tenaa abankɛseɛm hɔ, nanso wogyae hɔ tena wɔ afe apem ahanwɔtwe aduokron (1890) ne afe apem ahankron ne baako (1901) no ntam.. Wɔ saa mmerɛ no mu no, wɔde hɔ yɛ sɛ polisifoɔ atenaeɛ na afei ɛbɛyɛɛ sɛ abɔdamfoɔ fie. Wɔ afe apem ahankron ne mmienu (1902) no mu, ɛsan so bɛyɛɛ aban adwa wɔ Engiresi amamuo mu.
Esan sɛ Ghana nyaa fahodie firii Engiresifoɔ hɔ wɔ afe apem ahankron aduonnum nson (1957) no nti, wɔsesaa Kristiɛnbɔk Abankɛseɛm din no yɛ no Aban Fie. Wɔ afe apem ahankron aduosia (1960) no mu no, woyii Kwame Nkrumah sɛ ɔmanpanin a wodi kan. Abankɛseɛm no kɔ so a yɛɛ aban dwa ne ɔmanpanin atenaeɛ. ɔmanpanin Flt. Lt. Jerry John Rawlings nso tenaa hɔ. Nanso wɔ afe mpem mmienu ne nkron (2009) no mu no, ɔmanpanin Kuffour yii aban dwa no kɔɔ bɛbia a wɔfrɛ hɔ ɛnɛ yi ‘Flagstaff House’, ɛfiri sɛ na wohu no sɛ ɛnni sɛ aban dwa no ba beaɛ a wɔadi nkoa dwa wɔ hɔ pɛn. Nanso ɔmanpanin John Atta Mills sesaa saa agyinaeɛ yi afe akyi. Nanso wɔ afe mpem mmienu ne dummiɛnsa (2013) no mu no, wɔde aban adwa ne ɔmanpanin atenaeɛ no kɔɔ ‘Flagstaff House’ wɔ ɔmanpanin John Dramani Mahama pɛn so.
Wɔ Ogyefuo bosome, afe mpem mmienu ne dunson (2017) no mu, ɔmanpanin Nana Addo Dankwa Akuffo-Addo bɔɔ nkaeɛ faa nhyehyeɛ a wɔde bɛsakyera abankɛseɛm no ayɛ no tete aman mpaninfoɔ akoraeɛ ama Ghana ɔman mpanifoɔ. ɛnnɛ yi aban nkorabata dodoɔ no di wɔn nnwuma firi ‘Flagstaff House’ wɔ nkran., nanso aban adwumayɛfoɔ no bi nom da so yɛ wɔm nnwuma wɔ beaɛ a wɔfrɛ no ‘Abankɛseɛm’
ɛnnɛ yi, mmara ‘National Liberation Council Degree’ (N. L. C. D) ‘387’ a wɔhyehyɛɛ wɔ afe apem ahankron aduosia nkron (1969) ne ‘Executive Instrument’ (E. I) ‘29’ a wɔhyehyeɛ wɔ afe apem ahankron aduɔson mmiɛnsa (1973) no bɔ Kristiɛnbɔk Abankɛseɛm ho ban sɛ ɔman Nkaedum
Enam sɛ Kristiɛnbɔk Abankɛseɛm toaso yɛɛ Ghana aban atenaeɛ nti, nhwehwɛ mu biara ni hɔ a wɔayɛ afa tete fɛm nnoama abakɔsɛm ho wɔ hɔ. Nanso wɔ afe apem ahankron aduosia (1960) no mu no, abrɛ a aban nkorabata a ɛhwɛ amasan nnwuma no resi baasonfoɔ atenaeɛ kɛseɛ no, wo hunuui aborofo dɔteɛ ne wisie dorobɛn, kukuo ketewa bi a wɔde sika kɔkɔɔ mfuturo asiesie, dwetɛ mmɛn ahyehyɛdeɛ a wɔakyerɛkyerɛ mu fann, ɔman akofena, nkateɛ, Abrofo nsekammoa, Abibirem ne Abrofo kɔnmuadeɛ. Wɔde saa nnoama yi nyinaa asie wɔ ɔman no tete akoraeɛ.
Wɔ afe mpem mmienu ne dunnan (2014) no mu no, Kristiɛnbɔk tete fɔm nnoɔma Nhwehwɛmu Abakɔsɛm Agyapadeɛ Dwumadie firii aseɛ hwehwɛɛ tete fɔm nnoɔma abakɔsɛm wɔ Kristiɛnbɔk beaɛ hɔ. Amena tutuo rekɔso, na yɛ wɔ gyidie sɛ w’ani bɛgye se wobɛdi yɛn kankorɔ wɔ dwumadie yi akyi wɔ ntontan kɛseɛ yi so